SolvedLLM1060 | Introduction to Lloyd's: basic concepts and terms: types of Lloyd's member: companies
From HM Revenue & Customs · Lloyd's Manual
When corporate capital was first admitted to the Lloyd’s market in 1994, UK and foreign-owned insurance groups structured their participation in the market in a number of different ways.
Spread vehicles
A spread vehicle comprises one or more corporate members that participate in a number of different syndicates managed by different managing agents alongside individual participants. A holding company guarantees the underwriting of the corporate members, usually by providing a guarantee under a deed of covenant. This form of participation by ompanies has become less common.
Aligned and dedicated members
An aligned member is one that is in the same economic ownership as a managing agent (LLM1090), and takes part exclusively in syndicates managed by that managing agency. Many syndicates in the market now have only a single corporate member, usually aligned with a managing agent in the same group.
A dedicated member is one that holds 100% of the capacity of a syndicate, but is not necessarily aligned with that syndicate’s managing agent.
Integrated Lloyd’s vehicles (‘ILVs’)
An ILV is one where the capital provider, managing agent, and corporate member areunder common ownership, often along with other service and other group companies. Capitalis provided exclusively to support corporate Names that take part exclusively insyndicates managed by the group’s managing agency. This is becoming the predominantstructure of corporate capital participation in the market.
Lloyd’s investment trusts
Some corporate members were initially set up as subsidiaries of investment trusts, which are quoted on the stock market, and invest their capital in a broad range of investments. The number of these investment trusts has declined as the move towards integration has made it difficult for them to meet the diversification requirements of ICTA88/S842, needed to exempt them from tax on capital gains. See LLM4260.