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Official guidance
Employment Status Manual

ESM4100 · Particular occupations: entertainment industry

  • ESM4101 · Film Industry Unit
  • ESM4102 · Film and video workers - front of camera workers
  • ESM4103 · Film and video workers - behind camera workers
  • ESM4104 · Film and video workers - use of service company
  • ESM4105 · Film and video workers - main HMRC office
  • ESM4106 · Film and video workers - returns under Section 16 TMA 1970
  • ESM4110 · TV and radio workers - TV and Broadcasting Unit
  • ESM4111 · TV and radio workers - front of camera workers
  • ESM4112 · TV and radio workers: behind camera workers
  • ESM4113 · TV and radio workers - use of service companies
  • ESM4114 · TV and radio workers - main Revenue office
  • ESM4115 · TV and radio workers: behind camera workers roles treated as self-employed
  • ESM4116 · TV and radio workers: behind camera workers short term engagements
  • ESM4117 · TV and radio workers: behind camera workers definition of terms used in Appendix 1
  • ESM4118 · TV and radio workers - behind the camera workers roles normally treated as self-employed, Appendix 1
  • ESM4121 · Theatrical performers/artists - additional considerations in the media and performing arts sector - actors and other performers
  • ESM4121A · Theatrical performers/artists: additional considerations in the media and performing arts sector - actors and other performers examples
  • ESM4122 · Theatrical performers/artists - additional considerations in the media and performing arts sector - actors and other performers
  • ESM4122A · Theatrical performers/artists: additional considerations in the media and performing arts sector - actors and other performers, reserved self-employed position
  • ESM4123 · Theatrical performers/artists - fees paid to agents
  • ESM4124 · Theatrical performers - stage management
  • ESM4125 · Role players
  • ESM4126 · Theatrical performers/artists - designers, directors and choreographers
  • ESM4130 · TV and Radio Presenters: Introduction
  • ESM4131 · TV and Radio Presenters: ‘Show and Go’ Engagements
  • ESM4132 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax
  • ESM4133 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Mutuality of Obligation
  • ESM4134 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Personal Service
  • ESM4135 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Control
  • ESM4135A · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Control: How a presenter works
  • ESM4135B · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Control: Control over what work is carried out
  • ESM4135C · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Control: Control over where the presenter works
  • ESM4135D · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Control: Control over when the presenter works
  • ESM4136 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators
  • ESM4136A · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: In business on own account and economic dependency
  • ESM4136B · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Exclusivity
  • ESM4136C · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Financial risk / Opportunity for Profit
  • ESM4136D · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Provision of equipment and/or facilities
  • ESM4136E · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Integration, Part and parcel of the engager’s organisation
  • ESM4136F · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Length and Pattern of Engagements
  • ESM4136G · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Sick Pay, Maternity, Pensions and other statutory rights and benefits
  • ESM4136H · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Intention of the parties
  • ESM4136J · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Other factors and issues
  • ESM4138 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters
  • ESM4138A · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters – news reporter
  • ESM4138B · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters - News and current affairs reporter
  • ESM4138C · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters - Factual “magazine” programme with news and current affairs content
  • ESM4138D · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters - expert factual presenter – non-news
  • ESM4138E · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters – talking head
  • ESM4138F · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters - Quiz Show Guest / Contestant
  • ESM4138G · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters – Quiz show captain
  • ESM4138H · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for television presenters – quiz show host
  • ESM4139 · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters
  • ESM4139A · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters- Radio presenter, example 1
  • ESM4139B · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters- Radio presenter, example 2
  • ESM4139C · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters- Radio presenter, example 3
  • ESM4139D · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters- pre-recorded show presenter
  • ESM4139E · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters- radio presenter portfolio work
  • ESM4139F · TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Examples for radio presenters- radio presenter documentary
  • ESM4140 · Musicians: orchestral players
  • ESM4145 · Particular occupations: entertainers - NICs treatment (17 July 1998 to 5 April 2003)
  • ESM4146 · Particular occupations: entertainers - NICs treatment - meaning of "salary" [17 July 1998 to 5 April 2003]
  • ESM4147 · Particular occupations: entertainers - NICs treatment (from 6 April 2003 to 5 April 2014)
  • ESM4148 · Particular occupations: entertainers - NICs treatment (from 6 April 2014)
  1. Particular occupations: entertainment industry
  2. Particular Occupations: Entertainment Industry: TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Provision of equipment and/or facilities

ESM4136D | Particular Occupations: Entertainment Industry: TV and Radio Presenters: Factors in Determining Employment Status for Tax: Other indicators: Provision of equipment and/or facilities

From HM Revenue & Customs · Employment Status Manual

If the presenter’s contract with the engager stipulates the presenter will provide essential equipment or major items that are fundamental to the making of the programme, then that can be a pointer towards a self-employment arrangement. This may occur where a presenter incurs upfront costs or any material costs that are not specifically reimbursed under the contract for services.

An example of this for a television presenter, may be a programme that is filmed on location, where the presenter is required to provide filming or recording equipment or even their own employees that are fundamental to the making of the programme, for no additional payments outside the agreed fee (which would incorporate this).

This does not include the presenter providing their own earpieces, laptops or other minor or personal equipment.

It is also important to establish whether the presenter is required to fund/ provide the equipment or is choosing to do so (despite the fact that the engager would provide it if required) ESM0540

Where the costs of delivering services under a contract are covered by the engager/broadcaster, then this is an indicator of employment for tax purposes.

For other factors you may need to consider see ESM4136

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