VCM55250 | VCT: VCT qualifying holdings: employee numbers requirement

ITA07/S297A

There is an upper limit on the number of employees the investee company may have at the time the shares are issued. That number must be less than 250 full-time employees including part - time equivalents, unless the company is a knowledge-intensive company in which case the number must be less than 500. If the company is a member of a group, that figure is applied to the group as a whole.

However, holdings acquired before 6 April 2018 using certain ‘protected monies’ – holdings acquired using monies raised, or derived from monies raised, by the VCT before 6 April 2007 – are ignored when determining whether the VCT meets the requirement (see VCM55020).

Who are employees?

Directors are counted as employees for the purpose of this test. But apprentices, students on vocational training, and employees on maternity or paternity leave at the time the shares are issued are not to be counted.

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Full-time and part-time employees

The headcount limit is expressed in terms of ‘full-time equivalent’ employees.

HMRC regard a full-time employee as someone whose standard working week (excluding lunch breaks and overtime) is at least 35 hours. Any employee who worked longer than those hours would still only count as one full-time employee.

Where there are part-time employees their full-time equivalence can be calculated on any ‘just and reasonable’ basis. For example, someone working 21 hours a week would be expected to count as 60% of a full-time employee. Someone working ‘one week on, one week off’ would count as 50%, while the proportion of an employee working in term times only would depend on the length of those terms in relation to the year as a whole.

So companies (or groups) could have appreciably more than 250 employees at the time the shares were issued, but, if many of them are part-time, could still come under the limit.

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Seasonal employees

The number of employees of some companies (or groups) may vary over the course of a year. In these situations there is no need to calculate some kind of average figure; the test is whether the limit of 250 full-time employees or their equivalents is met on the day the shares are issued.